% vim: set foldmethod=marker foldmarker=<<<,>>>:

\section{Introduction}

\begin{frame} \frametitle{What is HPC?}{} %<<<

  \begin{columns}
    \column{0.43\textwidth}
    \column{0.56\textwidth}
      \centering
      \resizebox{0.99\textwidth}{!}{\begin{tikzpicture} %<<<
        \draw[black!0] (-4.73,-5) rectangle (4.73,4);

        \only<1-3>{
        \draw[color=green, ultra thick, fill=green, opacity=0.3] (1.73,1) circle (3);
        \node[text width=3.2cm] at (3.0,1.5) {\LARGE Methods \& Algorithms};
        }

        \only<2-3>{
        \draw[color=blue, ultra thick, fill=blue, opacity=0.3] (0,-2) circle (3);
        \node at (0,-2.9) {\LARGE Software};
        }

        \only<3-3>{
        \draw[color=red, ultra thick, fill=red, opacity=0.3] (-1.73,1) circle (3);
        \node at (-2.8,1.6) {\LARGE Hardware};
        }
      \end{tikzpicture}}%>>>
  \end{columns}

\end{frame}
%>>>

% FUTURE PROOFING OUT METHODS AND CODES
% Domain Specific Languages ⇒ Domain Specific Architectures

\begin{frame} \frametitle{Trends in hardware}{} %<<<

  % exascale computing

  % heterogeneous computing, specialized hardware accelerators: GPUs, ASICS, FPGA, Tensor processing units
  % AMD GPUs becoming more common, Intel Xe GPU to feature in Aurora suprcomputer

  % energy efficiency

  % new memory technologies:
  % - Hybrid Memory Cube
  % - DDR6
  % - High Bandwidth Memory (HBM, HBM2, ...)

\end{frame}
%>>>

\begin{frame} \frametitle{Trends in hardware}{} %<<<

  % end of frequency scaling
  % post Moore's law
  % Dennard scaling
  % multi-core / many-core
  % vector lengths (512-bit now standard in most CPU cores)

  % rise of ARM (RISC ISA)

  % transistor counts increasing -- multi-package CPUs (NUMA) -- AMD Risen 64 cores

  %https://www.karlrupp.net/2018/02/42-years-of-microprocessor-trend-data/

  \begin{columns}
    \column{0.3\textwidth}
    \column{0.7\textwidth}
      %\write18{wget -O figs/trends0.png https://github.com/karlrupp/microprocessor-trend-data/raw/master/50yrs/50-years-processor-trend.png}
      %\write18{wget -O figs/trends1.png https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/00/Moore\%27s_Law_Transistor_Count_1970-2020.png}
      \includegraphics[width=0.99\textwidth]{figs/trends0.png}
  \end{columns}

\end{frame}
%>>>

\begin{frame} \frametitle{Trends in hardware}{} %<<<

  \begin{columns}
    \column{0.3\textwidth}
    \column{0.7\textwidth}
      \includegraphics[width=0.99\textwidth]{figs/sustained-memory-bw-falling-graph-mccalpin-1000x}

      {\footnotesize John McCalpin - Memory bandwidth and system balance in HPC systems, 2016}
  \end{columns}

\end{frame}
%>>>

\begin{frame} \frametitle{Trends in software}{} %<<<

  % programming languages: interpreted, JIT, code-generation,
  % - new languages (modern C++ - SCC sciware)
  % - features

  % compilers

  % profilers and debuggers

  % optimized libraries for scientific computing: (BLAS, LAPACK, FFTW)
  % use whenever it makes sense to do so

\end{frame}
%>>>